Saurauia bracteosa

Saurauia bracteosa is native to Andaman Island, Nicobar Island, Jawa to Lesser Sunda Islands. It is one of the endemic plants that grows in various places in Indonesia and is used primarily by the Bataknese as a medicine. In North Sumatra Province, this tree is found in Simalungun Regency, especially in the highland, in the north to Tapanuli Selatan. It is one of forest plants that have the potential to be made into herbal tea. Even though it spreads in many places, this species is categorized as vulnerable according to IUCN (1998) and classified in critical categories.

Ki leho bentang (Sundanese), Mata ikan (Palembang), Lotrok(Javanese), Soyogik (Manado-Indonesia). 

S. bracteosa grows in tropical evergreen forests and open area, inhumid places, and along river. It prefer altitudes of 600-1,200 m above sea level.

• Stems - brown, young stems and branches with subulate stiff scales.
• Leaves - simple, alternate, elliptic-obovate tooblong, about 25-40 x 10-17 cm across, base obtuse or rounded, margins dentate-serrateor subentire, apex abruptly short acuminate,petiole stout, purplish scaly above when young and silvery green beneath, densely tomentose with stiff hairs, scaly beneath.
• Flowers - inflorescence axillary, in corymbs,peduncles about 5-10 cm long. Flowers bisexual, pedicel densely tomentose, about 1-4cm long, bracts, foliaceous, oblong, scaly about20 x 8 mm across, sepals 5, elliptic-orbicular, Stamens numerous, base connate, adnate to the base of the petals, about 1-2 mm long,filaments slender, anthers versatile.
• Fruits - berry, globose-ovoid, 10 x 6 mm across,densely white tomentose, usually ribbed, rarely dry and subdehiscent.
• Seeds - numerous, small, brown, reticulate,pyramidal, albuminous. 

Generative propagation is by seeds and vegetative propagation is by shoot cuttings.

Triterpenoid, phenolic compound, steroids, flavonoids, saponins,alkaloids, anthraquinones, tannins, coumarins, essential oil. 

• It has anti-cholesterol,  antioxidant, antidiabetic, analgetic, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, wound healing agent, and  immunostimulatory activities.
• Especially in Toba (North Sumatra), Bataknese use pirdot as a traditional medicine to reduce blood sugar levels, prevent high blood pressure and reduce blood cholesterol levels, lymph node cancer, thyroid cancer, uterine tumors and gout.
• it used to various open wounds due to cut woundsthat occur in humans or livestock, itching and boils

• Pilih daun yang segar dan sehat. Cuci bersih dengan air mengalir dan biarkan layu pada suhu kamar hingga 1 hari.
• Susun daun di atas nampan, tutupi dengan kain hitam, keringkan di bawah sinar matahari selama 1 hari kemudian keringkan dengan oven pada suhu 60 ºC selama 2-4 jam.
• Haluskan daun yang sudah kering hingga berbentuk serbuk.
• Simpan dalam wadah tertutup dan kedap udara.